The purpose of this research is to study effects of perceptions of the fifth graders at elementary schools about their teachers attitudes toward the science teaching on their attitudes toward science course and achievement motivation; effects of their attitudes toward science course on their achievement motivation. The research was conducted on 1042 fifth graders at elementary schools. The findings have discerned that students attitudes toward science course and achievement motivation are effected by the perceptions of students attitudes towards the science teaching and that effects dont vary in terms of gender. And also the findings have proved that students achievement motivation is effected by their attitudes toward science course and negative attitudes toward science course are effecting motivation of boys negatively than girls.

Keywords: Science teaching, attitude, perception, achievement motivation.
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of students teams- achievement divisions and gender on the pre-service teachers’ achievement the course of teaching science, attitude toward science and attitude toward cooperative learning strategy in the teaching science education class I. A total of 84 pre-service teachers from the department of elementary education (41 from experimental group and 43 from control group) were given achievement test as post test related to the teaching science, science attitude scale as pre-post test, and cooperative learning attitude scale as post test. Data were examined by using SPSS packet program with Multivariate Analysis of covariate (MANCOVA). Results showed that students in experimental group have better achievement scores related to teaching science and more positive attitude toward science than students in the control group. Also, gender did not differentiate between male and female students’ attitude toward science and achievement of teaching science I. Students in experimental group have expressed more positive attitudes toward cooperative learning.

Keywords: Cooperative learning, teaching science education, attitude, gender
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This study investigated the effectiveness of conceptual change texts oriented instruction accompanied by demonstrations in small groups on students’ ecology achievement and attitude towards biology. 78 ninth grade students in a public high school participated in this study. While the control group was taught with the traditional method, the experimental group was instructed by the conceptual change approach within small groups in five weeks time period. Conceptual change texts were prepared for remediation of students’ misconceptions about ecology. Conceptual change texts were supported with worksheets requiring demonstration tools and visual aids. Independent samples t-test was used to analyze the data. The results revealed that the conceptual change approach oriented instruction made a statistically significant difference between the experimental group and the control group in students’ ecology achievement in favor of the experimental group, although there was no statistically significant mean difference between the experimental group and the control group in students’ attitude towards biology.

Keywords: Conceptual change approach, attitude towards biology, ecology concepts.
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The problem examined in this study deals with students’ attitude toward physics among the freshmen and sophomore students who were taking first introductory physics course. In the study there were 176 students, and they were chosen sample of convenience from Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, Florida. 125 subjects were male students, and 51 subjects were female students. The survey instrument used had 18 statements relating to measure students’ attitude toward physics. It was found that there was a significance result between male and female students’ attitude toward physics. Male students have more positive attitude toward physics than female students. Also the result supported that there was a significance difference among the students’ academic areas and students’ attitude toward physics. Generally, the department of physics and space students’ attitude is more positive than others. More negative attitude was found in Biology and Environmental Science and Oceanography students than the other academic departments.

Keywords: Physics, attitude, introductory physics course
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Although the studies on the use of literature in teaching English have been increasing abroad, in our country, particularly in public high schools, only English grammar is being taught. The students who are expected to memorise these rules cannot use English. The aim of this study is to exhibit why and how short-story can be used in order to teach English effectively and efficiently.

Keywords: teaching English, public high schools, short-story, graphic organizer
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In this article, the concept of anxiety of the students learning foreign languages, its effects on the effective participation of the students during the learning process and the final level of success are being discussed. Furthermore trait and state anxiety, its physical and psychological signs and symptoms are also being presented. Some of the techniques to diagnose students’ anxiety in the classroom are being examined. Research results on the relationship between anxiety and the four basic language learning skills are given and some recommendations for the teachers to reduce anxiety in the classroom are being suggested.

Keywords: Anxiety, debilitating and facilitating anxiety, trait and state anxiety, basic language skills.
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As one of the main disciplines, science is very important for people to make sense of their life. The appropriate use of the models in science classrooms to promote children’s understanding, imagination and creativity definitely depends on the teachers who have experience of differentiating the scope and the limitations of the models. From this respect, the education given to preservice student teachers in teacher education institutions as a base of the teaching profession should be considered carefully. Therefore, in this paper, the main aim is to indicate the importance of modelling in science education and in teacher education.

Keywords: Modelling, models, science education, teacher education.
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In this study, it is aimed to determine the dependency tendencies of children of working and non-working mothers and whether some factors create any difference for these dependency tendencies. The research included a total of 210 children, 105 of whose mothers are working and who attend an elementary school of an average socioeconomic level; the remaining 105 children of non-working mothers attend the same school with the children of working mothers. In the study, the “Dependency Tendency Scale” developed by Flanders, Anderson and Amidon and translated by Ulugtekin was used. The data obtained from the research were assessed by the “Two-Way Variance Analysis”. The outcome of this study has shown that there are significant differences between the point averages in dependency tendencies of children of working and non-working mothers (P<0.01). It is found that children display a meaningful difference between the point averages in dependency tendencies in accordance with the working condition of their mothers, gender, educational background of their parents, the interaction of mother’s working condition x educational background (P<0.01).

Keywords: dependency tendency, working mothers, nonworking mothers, primary school children.
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The purpose of the study was to investigate the trends in research in mathematics education between the years of 2000-2002 and to provide an overview to educators, researchers and teachers about research topics in mathematics education. The sample of the study included research articles in CIJE (Current Index to Journals in Education) and master thesis and doctoral dissertations in Dissertation Abstracts database in mathematics education. In addition to this, the dissertations about mathematics education completed in Turkey were obtained from YOK (Higher Education Council) database. Unfortunately, since there is no general database for articles in Turkey, our sample was limited to the thesis. According to the findings of this research, “cognitive domain”, “topics/subjects in the mathematics curriculum” and “instructional methods” are the most popular subjects from 2000 to 2002 in mathematics education research.

Keywords: Mathematics education, educational research, master thesis, doctoral dissertations
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The focus of this study was on comparing three groups of Algebra I 9th-year students: one group using linked representation software, the second group using similar software but with semi-linked representations, and the control group in order to examine the effects on students’ understanding of linear relationships. Data collection methods included mathematics pre- and posttests, follow-up interviews, computer-based clinical interviews at the end of the treatment, classroom and lab observations, document analysis, and survey. The conclusion of this study was that semi-linked representations could be as effective as linked representations and that there was a role for each in different situations, at different levels, and with different mathematical concepts.

Keywords: Mathematics Education, Computer-Assisted Education, Multiple Representations, Linear Relationships
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This study, aims to identify views of vocational and technical schools’ teachers on use of computer and obstacles of computer usage. Data were collected through a survey and percentage and frequency were used in data analysis. Results of the study shows that, computer usage of teachers was declined while their age and years of experiences were increased; while teachers’ education level increased and accesing conditions enriched computer usage of teachers was also increased. It has been observed that almost all the teachers, who learned computer usage during their university education, have been using computers but 17% of the teachers who learned computer usage inservice training courses have not been using computers. Teachers, explained that financial problems, lack of hardware and insufficent inservice training were the obstacles of computer usage.

Keywords: vocational and technical education, teachers’ use of computer, obstacles of computer usage in education
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Computer and internet has become a part of our lives and has started to be used in early ages as the result of the rapid widespread of technology in our daily lives. In this study, taking into consideration the importance of the subject, the internet reaching and usage aims of primary school students were examined. The data was gathered by giving a questionnaire that was prepared by the researchers. According to the results of the study it was found that most of the learners frequently use the internet, when they get older, they use the internet more, game- centered usage decreases and multi-purposeful usage such as obtaining information, communication and game increases.

Keywords: internet, learners, primary education
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The purpose of this study was to explore preservice science teachers’ perceptions of their classroom management beliefs. In addition, we were interested in determining differences in preservice teachers’ beliefs regarding classroom management by gender and grade level. For this purpose, the adapted form of the Attitudes and Beliefs on Classroom Control (ABCC) Inventory was administered to 584 (172 third year and 412 fourth year) preservice science teachers enrolled in science teacher education programs at the eight different universities. Data were analyzed by utilizing descriptive statistics and t-tests. Results revealed that preservice science teachers had non-interventionist orientations on the People Management subscale, whereas they had interventionist orientations on the Instructional subscale. Contrary to the expectation, no significant difference revealed between preservice science teachers’ perceptions of classroom management beliefs on the two subscales of the ABCC Inventory regarding gender and grade level.

Keywords: Classroom management, orientations, preservice science teachers, gender differences
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This study aimed at investigating the extent to which teacher candidates believe they possess the teacher competencies specified by the Ministry of Education. The study was conducted with senior year students at the Computer Education and Instructional Technology (CEIT) department at Hacettepe University. The data were collected through an instrument developed by Mahiro¤lu (2004). The scale used was a 4 point Likert type scale with a 0.98 reliability coefficient. The students were asked to evaluate their own competencies with reference to the given items in the instrument using a scale ranging from “poor” to “excellent”. The findings indicate that in most of the competency areas, students find themselves “average” or “good”. It was a positive finding that in at least half of the items, “poor” was not selected by any of the participants. The participants’ evaluation of their competencies do not show any differences based on gender, the high school type graduated, or GPA.

Keywords: Teacher education, teacher competencies, Ministry of Education
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The purpose of this study was to investigate gender difference on simple electricity by using scores obtained from different sub misconception categories rather than total scores as seen in literature. In addition to these, reasons of observed gender difference will constitute another dimension of the study. Students’ age, interest and experience related to electricity and context of the question were all examined as possible reasons for gender difference. Gender difference was observed on the dependent variable of total scores on the practical items, in favor of males. However, there was no significant gender difference on the dependent variable of total scores on the theoretical items. Moreover, observed gender difference was mediated on the total scores over the practical items, when students’ age, interest toward electricity and experience related to the same concept were added to the analysis as covariate. Results of the statistical analysis showed that, although gender difference was observed on the total scores over the practical items, when the scores obtained from each misconception category examined, statistically significant gender differences observed only on three of the six sub misconception categories which means that total score does not tell the truths every time.

Keywords: simple electric circuits, misconceptions, gender difference, attitude, experience
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This study aims at revealing misconceptions on Chemical Equilibrium which is included in the Chemistry Program of the 2nd Year High School Students. In parallel to this aim, a Chemical Equilibrium Concept Test consisting of 20 multiple choice questions has been developed and this concept test, has been applied to 76 2nd Year High School Students attending Private Karacan School, which, which is in the 2nd Term of 2001-2002 Academic Year, Çankaya District of Ankara. Morever, Attitude Toward Science Scale and Science Process Skill Test have also been applied to the students. As a result of evaluations, the percentage of correct answer given by the students on Chemical Equilibrium is between %100-%22.4. Any significant relation was not observed between the Attitude Toward Science scale and the Science Process Skill Test (r=0.149, p> 0.05). Additionally, there was no significant relationship between the Science Process Skill Test and the Chemical Equilibrium Concept Test(r=0.186, p> 0.05).

Keywords: chemistry education, concepts, misconceptions, chemical equilibrium
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This study is intended to review some of the selected researches carried out on students’ understandings of enthalpy and spontaneity. The review puts together the important findings of the researches, summarises the misunderstanings identified so far and the possible sources of these misunderstandings. Therefore, this study would be beneficial for the researchers and lecturers in science education area and chemistry teachers.

Keywords: misunderstandings, enthalpy, spontaneity
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In this study, some inferences about the biology education state are made using the current biology education implementations since the biyolojical issues are being emerged in Turkey day-by-day. Thus, elementary and secondary curricula and average number of biology hours are inspected in relation to the rate of biology questions in general rational exams. As a result, it is found that the lack of biology questions in such national exams would slow down the devolopment of general biology culture, while it is clear that an advanced biological culture would result in more developed sociological life in Turkey.

Keywords: Biology education, culture, national exams
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This study investigated environmental attitude of 6th grade students living in rural and urban areas in Ankara. Hundred and thirty-eight students were selected from four schools located in these areas. A 45-item questionnaire consisting of four dimensions was used to measure students’environmental attitude. Results of the study revealed that, there is a significant mean difference between students’attitudes with respect to school district.

Keywords: environmental attitude, environmental education, urban area, rural area
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The aim of this study is to investigate the perceptions of prospective primary mathematics teachers towards ICT use in the teaching and learning process. The sample group consisted of 53 prospective teachers currently in the Faculty of Education Department of Teaching Primary Mathematics at Hacettepe University and 25 mathematics school teachers . The research was conducted in three stages. In the first stage, in order to determine how often prospective teachers integrated ICT into their lesson plans, prospective teachers, who are expected to start their teaching career, were asked to prepare a one- hour lesson plan. It was noticed that only three had integrated ICT technology in their lesson plans. In accordance with these results, the second stage was started. At this stage an open-ended questionnaire was given to prospective teachers to determine the possible reasons for not integrating ICT into their lesson plans. Third stage 25 mathematics school teachers’ 45 daily lesson plans were examined. The data were analyzed through descriptive analysis. The results of the analysis showed that ICT were not taken place in their lesson plans, because they felt they were not competent enough to use, especially computers in their class; and that there was no need for such equipment for the topic of the lesson for which a plan has been made. Finally because they felt that the schools they would be working at would not be as equipped technologically. However, there were no differences between prospective and the school teachers and ICT were also not taken places in any of the school teachers’ lesson plans.

Keywords: Mathematics education, ICT, teacher training
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Individual differences play an essential role in teaching and learning. Students differ in their learning styles which indicate the way they learn. The purpose of this study was to determine pre-service teachers’ learning style preferences and investigate whether there was a significant difference between males and females in their learning styles. 121 students from department of elementary science education were enrolled in the study. All students were administered Learning Style Inventory developed by Grasha (1996) in order to determine their learning styles. This inventory consists of six types of learning style as independent, avoidant, collaborative, dependent, competitive and participant. Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) was used to analyze the data. The findings indicated that there was no significant difference in learning style preferences between males and females. Generally, the majority of students preferred collaborative type learning style. This study suggests that instruction should be based on students’ learning styles for effective teaching and learning.

Keywords: learning style, gender, pre-service teachers.
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The purpose of this study is to find out whether there are significant differences among student teachers’, who are educated about student-centered teaching and student teachers’ who are not educated about this topic, achievement on their studentcentered planning abilities. 15 student teachers in experimental group and 14 student teachers in control group from Gazi University, Vocational Educational Faculty, The Department of Child Development and Preschool Education Teaching participated in this study. In th›s study both quantitative (survey and the pre-test post-test with not equal control group design) and qualitative (interview) techniques were administered. Quantitative data were analysed by administering ancova and qualitative data were analysed by administering content analyse technique. The findings of the study indicated that there were significant differences in favor of the experimental group in their achievement on student-centered planning.

Keywords: Student-centered teaching, student-centered planning, teaching practice.
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Foreign language learning is of importance to be realized for intersocietal communication. Both oral as well as written communication are actualized within the limits of the individual’s vocabulary. Hence, a systematic acquisition of vocabulary items, or words that make up the linguistic units, must be prioritized as a topic and, thus, materials used in teaching has utmost importance. While developing foreign language course books out of these materials, many aspects including the number, variety, distribution, and usage of words, exercise types related to vocabulary teaching, and learning strategies, in addition to the subjects and grammar fields at large. In this study, the proficiency and contribution of the vocabulary presented in the regional course book titled Lern mit uns 1, 2, 3, 4 used at 6th, 7th, 8th, and 9th grade German language courses is evaluated. It is thought that the results of this study will contribute to effective German language teaching in our country as long as they are taken into consideration throughout the designing process of German course books and if only the supplementary material developed for the purposes of such an evolving model.

Keywords: Lern mit uns, German course books, vocabulary teaching.
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This study was planned to evaluate cognitive development in children of age 4 attending kindergarten with different socioeconomic status The cognitive development of the children was assessed using the Bracken Basic Concept Scale (BBCS) and Mc Carthy Scales of Children’s Abilities (MSCA).

Keywords: Cognitive development, preschool, socioeconomic status
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Schools have important responsibilities since they are the only institution easily accessible by all members of the community in the proper and conscious use of nutritional goods. However, the necessary conditions for the education of healthy eating are not fully known. This study attempts to identify the conditions for an effective nutrition education based on Robinson’s curriculum determinants through the theory of planned behavior, a theory popular in social psychology. It is anticipated that the results of the study will shed light on one-directionality or gap-filling in the course of studying nutrition and avenues in ridding the factors bringing about this situation.

Keywords: nutrition education, curriculum determinants, theory of planned behavior
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In thise study, prevalence of submissive acts were examined among high school students. The sample of the study included totally 663 (385 female, 278 male) high school students. Submissive Acts Scale (SAS) - Turkish Form and Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS) developed by Y›ld›r›m (1997) were administred to the students in other to gather the data in this study. Also, a questionnaire developed by researcher was given the students. The data were analyzed by x2 technique. According to the research findings, submissive acts have been found prevalent among the male students who are from the families having one or at least three children, whose family have low income, are quite religious, who do not get enough support from their parents, who grow up in families having serious debates very often, whose academic achievements are low. The findings were discussed in the light of related literature, and suggestion were made.

Keywords: Submissive acts, high school students, prevalance of submissive acts.
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The aim of the study was to determine the effect of visual feedback and material use on achievement in the teaching of the springing smatch technique in handball. A total of 38 students at the 8th grade in Beytepe Primary School took part in the research. The experiment group included 19 students (6 girls and 13 boys) and the control group included 19 students (8 girls and 11 boys). A course was held on visual feedback and material use with the experiment group while visual feedback and material use were just applied to the control group. In order to collect data for this study with test-retest experiment design, a multiple choice test was used in the cognitive domain and grading scale was used in the psycho-motor domain. Audovisual recordings were used for scoring the data for psycho-motor domain. In the data analysis intergroup “t” test, grading scales and in order to ensure the reliability of the scoring specialists the classroom corelation technique were used (p>0.05). According to the findings, there was a significant difference between the achievement scores of cognitive and psycho-motor domains of the groups (p>0.05). In conclusion, visual feedback and mterial use do not have a significant role in the teaching of the springing smatch technique in handball.

Keywords: Visual feedback, visual material, springing smatch in handball
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The purpose of this research is to determine the extent to which structural features of essays and keywords predict scoring by key and overall impression in writing test; and which structural features are the best predictors; and the degree of inter-reliability of scoring by key and overall impression. For that purposes, a writing test has been administered to 143 udergraduate freshman students enrolled at Hacettepe Universitiy Faculty of Education Department of Elemantary Education Program in Primary Education in 2001-2002 schol year. The writing of the students have been scored by two Turkish Language and Literature teachers using both scoring key and overall impression scoring methods. Predetermined structural features and keywords were identified by doing content analysis for the compositions written by students. As a result, the expalantion level of the structural features to the key scoring was found 0,52 and the expalantion level of the structural features to the overall impression was found 0,60. Inter-rater reliability of the key scoring was found 0,45, and overall impression scoring was 0,53.

Keywords: compozition exams, scoring the structural features, key scoring, overall impression scoring, prediction, inter-rater reliability.
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In this research, the effects of binary scoring (1,0) and weighted scoring (1,2,3,4) methods to the reliability and validity of the test have been analysed regarding classical test theory and latent trait theory. The data were collected through the administration of a multiple choice test to 1608 students of 4., 5., 6. and 7. grades of various primary schools in 2001-2002. Regarding the results of the study, it has been concluded that the use of latent trait theory and binary scoring for the test development studies can be more suitable. It is also be recommended that the use of weighted scoring is suitable for the test development studies made through classical test theory.

Keywords: Scoring methods, binary scoring, weighted scoring, classical test theory, latent trait theory, graded response model.
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