The research was carried out to determine the effects of variables such as arts education, sex, grade and art education branch on creativity dimensions of the adolescents getting or not getting art education. Research samplc was totally 191 adolescents, 80 of which attending University of Hacettepe Ankara State Conservatory and i II of which attending Private Arı High SchooL. "Torrance Creative Thinking Test" and "General Information Form" were used as data collection instruments. The data collected were analysed by "Analysis of Variance" and "Duncan Test". As a result of the research, it has been determined that getting or not getting art education, grade, art educatian grade interaction and art educatian branch caused a significant difference on the creativity dimensions (PO.05). In the study, interpretations concerning the findings and suggestions were presented.

Keywords: Creativiıy, arts educaıion
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This study aims at investigating the school deputy principals' views on the following topics: 1-Their authority level regarding their tasks. 2-The variation in the authority of the school deputy principals in different schools. 3-The activities performed by them frequently. 4-Self-assessment and the ways of gaining experience. 5-Their assessment of the school principals. The participants of the studyare 150 deputy principals from central districts of Ankara. However, data gathered from 122 subjects were used. The subjects of the study were randomly selected. Frequencies, arİtmetical means, standartdeviations of the data gathered through the survey questionnaire. The relation between the responses and the subjects' gender was analysed using t tests. And some suggestions regarding the topic are offered.

Keywords: School deputy principal, school principal, leader, authority, task, experience,
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Entering the higher education institutions has been made by the Student Selection and PJacement Center (ÖSYM) through central entrance examinations since 1974. Since the capacity of the higher education institutions is limited, it is necessary to employ a "selective" system passing from the secondary education to the higher education. At this point is the fact that how weıı the test items aiming at testing the students abilities and knowledge gained at the secondary education level contribute to this "selection" process. This study evaIuates the test items on biology employed in the university entrance examinations from i 974 to i 997 in terms of their content distribution and their conformity with the secondary education biology curriculum and also with the reJated textbooks. Also the test items employed in the single phase entrance examination and those employed in the double phase entrance examination have been compared. Although the test items on bioJogy seem to overlap with the secondary education curriculum, it has appeared that some certain topics have been addressedmore frequently and that those biology test items employed in the first phase of the university entrance examinationrequirehigher affective skills.

Keywords: Student Selection and Placement Center Examinations (ÖSS and ÖYS). Biological Education and ÖSYM Biology Questions.
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In our age of developing science and technology, the progress of society is possible with attaintment and development of constructive, creative and critical abiiity or thought. Fundemental science has made inıportant conıributions to most of technological and scientific development. Chemistry is the most significant branch among aıı pusitive sciences in affecting the standard of sociallife, The student participates learning actively by doing and observing experiments in the laboratory, The findings of this research undertaken to ascertain the difficuJties that the students face with in the laboratory work can be summarized as; the contents of practical and theoretical courses are dillerent, time period scheduled for laboratory work is insufficient, the students lack knowledge during experimental studies and there is alsa inadequate teaching assistarıtship

Keywords: Science Education, Chemistry Education, Chemistry Education in the Laboratory
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The purpose of this study is to find out the factors affecting students' achievement in introductory mechanics by employing the Factorial Modeling (FaM) procedure by using Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS) program. The subjects were 30 preservice physics teachers at Middle East Technical University (METU). Data were collected from Mechanics Diagnostic test, Science Logic test, and the information in the students' files at the METU registration office. This study had seven variates; (i) students' preconceptions, (ii) students' cognitive levels, (iii) students' science score in University Entrance Examination (UEE), (iv) students' Lycee Certificate scores, (v) students' Cumulative General Point Average (CGPA) in the University, (vi) students' mathematics achievement, and (vii) students' mechanics achievement. Bivariate correlations were computed for all pairs of variates, and a causal model of students' achievement in an introductory mechanics course was devised. The FaM procedure resulted in three variables named (i) Newtonian physics covering first three variates, (ii) Science Experience covering the fourth and fifth variates, and (iii) Mathematics aptitude covering the sixth variate. These three variables explained 62 percent of variances in the students' mechanics achievement scores (the criterion variate).

Keywords: Physics Achievement, Factorial Modeling, and Causal Model.
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Teacher-student interaction and teacher expectancy phenomenon is investigateJ in this study in relation to student perceptions. The Teacher Treatment lnventory(TTI) was conducted to 311 4th grade elementary students.The subjects were questioned about how their teachers would behave toward "hypothetical low and high achievers" in their classroom. Following the first application, the perceptions of the students in the classmoms defined as "high / low differentiating" were investigated. The results show that students perceive differentiating teacher behaviors toward hypothetical high and low achievers. In classmoms where students reported a greater differential treatmenttoward high and low achievers, students'perceptions of their teachers' expectations about themselves were more closely related to teacher expectations. The results are discussed in relation to the theoretical framework and in terms of practical application

Keywords: Teacher Expectancy Eftect. classroom interaction process. teacher-student relation.
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One of the most significant problems which has been experienced in the Turkish Educational System after 1970's is the student supply and demand gap between the secondary and higher educational institutions. Number of the lycee graduates who could not enter the universities has been raised from 12550 in 1970 to 392712 in 1995. Achievement level of the students in the university entrance examinations is daimed to be related to the type of lycee which the students are graduating from, and as a result, to show variation as depending on the type of their lycee graduation. This studyaimed at testing the scientific validity of this daim The purpose of this study is to investigate the variations in verbal and numerical aility, Turkish, mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology, history, geography, philosophy and foreign language achievement levels, along with the Student Success and Placement ratios of six type of Iycees as depending on 1995 Student Selectian and Pacement Examination in Turkey. Findings of the study indicated that all the selected dependent variables show significant variation as depending on the type of the Iycee which the students are being graduated from. Moreover, results of this study indicated that the variations in numerical ability, math and science achievement are more meaningful and significant than the variations in verbalbility, Turkish and social science achievement, in transitionfrom secondary to higher education in Turkey.

Keywords: ype of lycee, academic ahility and achievement, SSE success, SPE and Total palcement ratios.
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This studyaimed to determine the attitude of the teachers to the communicative-learner centered approach in foreign language teaching process. For the purpose of the study, an attİtude scale was administered to the teachers to get their opinions on the issue. The results were computed in percentages. it was observed that in general, teachers had favourable attitudes towards this issue discussed. Besides, some recommendations were made for the language teachers on this approach.

Keywords: Communicative Approach. Leamercentered. Attitude
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Lecturing the subjects contained in the High School Chemistry Curriculum and putting them into a form that can be understood by the studentswhile attaining their being permanentwithout performing any experiment is arather difficult task. With the purposeof supporting the theoretic explanations by actualy making the implementations in practice, for the subject of courses in IX, X and XI classes, in the high school, the studentexperiments that has to be done, are aıready determined and some of these trails are insufficient while some have limited laboratory means. Therefore it is determined these experiments are not done at alı. Especially, in currentdays, since it wiII make a contributionto the environmentalprotectionwhich is a topic in agenda, some of the experiments are being done by using matter at micro and semi micro base with hardware that is called mini laboratorywhich is containing miniature tools and fixtures. Furthermore, to have High School Chemistry cirriculums to be better understood,new experimental proposals are prepared and again, for certain experiments, it is proven that, the miniature tools and fixtures are feasible to use.

Keywords: High School Chemistry Lesson Curriculum, Student Experiments in Chemistry, Miniature Tools and Fixtures.
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The purpose of this study is to investigate the perceived empathic classroom atmosphere of the teachers in a college setting, as the various subject area teachers are perceived in a humanistic or non humanisticperspective. The sample of the study is reeruited from three main branches of Science, Social Studies, and Fine Arts Education in College of Edueation at Karadeniz Teknik University, the total sample size of 480. From the findings, there is a difference among Scienee, Social studies and Art teachers in terms of their intraelassroomattitudes toward students. Data analysis was done with ANOV A and t-test. As the results revealed, fine art teachers are more inclined to show empathy-oriented attitudes toward students than Science and Social Studies. Students who are successful have more tendencies of pereeiving their teacher as humanistic. Female students were found to be perceiving intraclassroom atmosphere more empathic or humanistic than the male counterparts.The results are discussed with the earlier findings, and relevant recommendation as well as furtherresearch directions are given

Keywords: Empathy, Empathic Classroom Atmosphere, intraclassroom Communication, Person Centered Education.
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The aim of the study is to determine the misconceptions of the ninth and eleventh grade college students in diffusian and osmasis concepts by using twotier diagnostic test, developed by Odom and Barrow [31]. The first tier examined content knowledge while the second tier examined understanding of that knowledge. The test consisted of 12 multiple choice items and was administered to 108 college students (56 ninth grade and 52 eleventh grade, respectively). The students participating in the study had completed the unit on diffusian and osmosis. Each item was analyzed to determine student understanding of, and identify misconceptions about diffusian and osmasis. While eleventh grade students selected the desired answer combination in the range of 15.4%- 96.2%, this range was reduced to 8.9% - 85.7% in the case of 9th grade students. Mareaver, 10.8% - 87.5% of 9th and 1.9% -44% of the II th grades had no understanding of concepts. The analysis of the results revealed that 9th grade students had more misconceptions related to diffusian and osmasis and greater difficulties in understanding these concepts than II th grade students

Keywords: Misconceptions, osmosis, diffussion, two - tier diagnostic test.
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the current state of the mathematics education community in Turkey with respect to research studies and staff The sampk of the study included six universities in different parts of Turkey. Two questionnaires developed by the researchers were used in the study. According to the findings of this research, although the number of researchers in mathematics education is not sufficient, there is an increase in their numbers in the last few years

Keywords: Mathematics education community
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Development of a country and being a modern industrial country requires scientific and technical work forl'e, Interpreting technological developments in daily life demands abasic science education in general and abasic chemistry education in particular. In basic, this way, individuals could understand the importance of science and theyare motivated to improve themselves after recognizing its influence on life. In Turkey, the chemistry education is provided by the Science - Letters- Engineering Faculties and by the Chemisty Education Departments of the Education Faculties. Science education is provided in these institutions both theoretically and experimentally. Experiment - based education contributes to students scientific process skills and they could acquire sensitive behaviour to the events around them and it improves their skiJIs such as comprehending scientific concepts, memorizing them and scientific thinking. Practical instruction teaches them to work in safe conditions. In order to determine whether the science education provides studenls the necessary knowledge about working in safe conditions, a survey questionnaire was administered to the students of Hacettepe University, the Education Faculty, Chemistry Education Section. It questioned the existing conditions of the laboratories that they employed and also their views regarding safe working were sought. It is concluded that the students surveyed do not have prequisite knowledge before practising and before making experiments. Thus, additional practices seem to be required to make them familiar with safe working conditions in the laboratories.

Keywords: Safe study in laboratory studies, human health and environmental protection.
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In this study, psychological symptoms of Turkish married individuals who have be en living in Germany in 1996 were examined. The sample of the study inclued totally 1154 Turkish married individuals (557 women, 597 men). The psychological symptoms of the Turkish married individuals have been measured by Symptom Check List (SCL-90-R) developed by Derogatis (1977), and the personal information of the Turkish married individuals have been colJected through a questionnaire developed by the researcher himself. The data were analyzed by the t Test. The most frequent 25 psychological symptoms of the Turkish married individuals who have been living in Germany were determined. The most of these psychological symptoms are connected with OC, SOM, AI, DEP, INT, HOS and PAR; but not with ANX, PHOB and PSY. The findings are discussed and some suggestions are made.

Keywords: Turkish married individuals, psychological symploms
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The study described in this paper attempted ta investigate the cambined and individual effects af certain variables (gender, cagnitive develapment and saciaeco.namic status (SES» an physics achievemenL We used a physics achievement test, lagical thinking ability test and a saciaecanamic status questiannaire ta assess 35 high schaal secand grade students' physics achievement, cagnitive level and saciaecanamic level. We used Multiple Regressian and Carrelatian Analysis (MRC) for analyzing data abtained from thase tests. The analysis af data revealed that male students generally gat higher scores in physics than female students. The cagnitive level af students did nat affect their scare an achievement test. Saciaecanamic level af the students shawed significant effect an their physics achievement.

Keywords: Physics Achievement, Cognitive Development. Socioeconomic Status, and Gender.
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Probability concepts are not taught effectively in most of the countries aıı over the world and in our country because of many reasons. One of them is the lack of appropriate teaching materials. In this study, the information on how to develop activity sheets on probability is given. In addition, activity sheet on teaching of probability of the occurence of mutuaııy exclusive events is going to given as a sample.

Keywords: Probability. teaching material, activity sheet.
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Science can provide humanity with knowledge about the biophysical environment and the social behaviors needed to develop effective solutions to humanity's local and global problems. Every day, people face with many problems, such as pollution, health problems, and family crises. it is essential that schools and teachers provide students with meaningful opportunities to help them solve problems. As a science educator, our most important goals are to teach children to be abIe to overcome real life problems. Therefore, we'd like to research how to assist students in developing skills to enable them to solve these problems. This research will focus on problem-based leaming and its integration into science education. Specifically, this paper will answer the following questions: What is problem-based learning? How was problem-based leaming organized? What are the advantages and disadvantages related to the use of problembased learning? How can it be integrated into science instruction

Keywords: Prohlem-based learning, prohlem- hased learning curriculum, instructional methods. science education
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Stickstoif kommt in den Haluk SORAN* Esin ATAV** Necdet SAGLAM*** verschiedenen Umweltbereichen in teilweise unterschiedlichen Formen vor. Je nach Erscheinungsform und Medium ergeben sich verschiedenartige, negative oder positive Auswirkungen, z. B.: Stickstoifverbindungen beeintriichtigen die Gewiisserqua1itiit. Ganz allgemein stellt Stickstoif einen Nahrstoif dar und begüIıstigt die Gewiissereutrophierung. Nitrit (NOn und Ammoniak (NH3) sind giftig für Fİsche und dabei vor allem in kleineren Fliessgewiissem problematisch; Ammonium (NH/) aus der Luft triigt zur Versauerung der Böden; Nitrat (N03") im Trinkwasser kann bei Kleinkindern Blausucht und Bildung von cancerogene Nitrosamine verursachen; Stickoxide (NOx) sind an der Ozonbildung in der Troposphiire (=erdnahe Luftsichten) beteiligt und Pt1anzen schiidigt; Lachgas (N20) triigt bei zwn Treibhauseffekt und zum stratosphiirischen üzonabbau; Ammonium und Nitrat wirken im Boden als Dünger und fördem das Pt1anzenwachstum.

Keywords: N-Verbindungen, Stickstoflkreislauf, Nitrosamine, Saurer Regen, Eutrophierung.
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The objective of this paper is to infarın teachcrs about the "Individual and Group Activities Hours" which take place in developed curriculumof primary schools. For this reason, abilities and/ortendencies of students and self concept are explained ın the context of development, heredity and experiences. In order to assist teacher for application, the cIues are presented.

Keywords: Development, Tendensies, Self concept, hereditv, experiences.
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The aim of this paper is to introduce the Theory of Multiple lntelligences and implications on education. In this theory, individuals have not only linguistic and logical-mathematical, but also spatial, musical, bodilykinesthetic, interpersonal, intrapersonaland naturalisticintelligences. For this reason, educators should notice that all eight intelligences in their instruction,There are too many curricular interpretationsof the theory of multiple intelligence. None of these adaptations is more correct than any others. Teachers apply the theory in the way they consider the most appropriate for their students, school, and community.

Keywords: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences, Linguistic intelligence, Logical-Mathematical Intelligence, Spatial intelligence, Musical intelligence, Bodily-Kinesthetic intelligence, Interpersonal intelligence, Intrapersonal intelligence, Naturalistic intelligence, curriculum Development, Theory of Multiple Intelligences.
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Since idioms are very importantin the teaching of foreign languages, a comparative analysis of the French and Turkish idioms with numbers has been made in this study. After defining the idioms and drawing attention to the restrictions, the underlying cosmic meanings of the numbers (besides their aritmetic values) and whether there are arbitrary relationships between the referents and the references have been studied. Furthermore, the numbers frequently used in both languages and whether there are similarities in the meaning contents they have in both languages have also been searched. Upon reaching the findings of this contrastive analysis and studying the selection of the idioms according to the similarities they employ, the practicality in their teaching and their grammaticality, it has been understood that the contextual approach and the contrastive-translationapproach have been considered as the most effective language teaching methods

Keywords: idioms and numbers, French and Turkish idioms, teaching of the idioms
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Societies need qualitified people if they are to comply with the age. A realistic and functional educational system is required and also it must be given importance and investment should be directed toward education if the aim is to educate individuals competent in all areas. Different countries in terms of their government type agree on the fact that the mostrealistic and appropriate investmentis one that is directed to individuals, Education regardless its level has parallel implications with the teachers. In other words, quality and success of any educational system depend upon the quality and success of teachers. Since i982 the education departments,in Turkey, are responsible for teachertrainingoTherefore science teachers (biology, physics and chemistry) have been trained by the education departments,and the graduates have been assigned to basic education schools and high schools. A science teacher is one who makes his students familiar with their life and also makes them informed about the importanceof science, In this way students acquire general knowledge about life. A good science teacher knows the concept of science, how our environmentis made up of, and comprehends how it develops dearly. Review of related literature and suggestion of constructive recommendationswill contribute to the qualified science teachers

Keywords: Science Education. Science Teaching, Teacher Training, Review of Literature
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